Количество страниц: 6 с.
Determining the variability of the proportions of the human body living in extreme climatic and geographical conditions of the North is relevant for understanding the topography of internal organs, the ratio of body components, and the proportionality of the body surface to body weight. In Yakutia, there are not enough scientific papers on body proportions, which determined the relevance of this work. The aim of the work was to identify the ethnic and gender characteristics of the body proportions of Yakutian students. A total of 314 girls aged 16-20 and 156 boys aged 17-21 of Yakut ethnicity were examined. Somatometric examination was carried out according to the method of V.V. Bunak, with the determination of body length and body weight. The diameter of the shoulders, the diameter of the pelvis, the transverse diameter of the chest and the anterior-posterior diameter of the chest were measured. The following heights were determined on the upper limb: acromial, radial, styloid and finger point. The trochanter, upper tibial height and lower tibial point were measured on the lower limb. An index assessment of physical development was carried out (index of relative width of shoulders, pelvis, index of arm and leg length, pelvic-shoulder index, Brugsch index). Statistical processing was performed using the SPSS application software package for Windows (version 22.0). Parametric and nonparametric methods of statistical analysis were applied. Gender differences in all studied anthropometric parameters among the Yakuts were established. Indicators of body length and weight, arm index, leg index, index of relative shoulder width in the boys were significantly higher than the parameters of the girls. The index of the relative width of the pelvis and the pelvic index were significantly higher in girls. According to the index of relative pelvic width, metriopyelia was significantly more often registered among the girls, and stenopyelia among the boys. The predominant body shape for the girls was a rectangular shape, for the boys - the average body shape. Ethnic characteristics were expressed in lower body length, shoulder diameter and leg length in Yakut girls compared to Russian girls living in Yakutia. In boys, among the compared parameters, the ethnic difference is observed only in the parameter of shoulder diameter, which was significantly smaller in Yakut boys.
Гурьева, А. Б. Половая и этническая характеристика пропорций тела студенческой молодежи Якутии (от 16 лет до 21 года) / А. Б. Гурьева, В. А. Алексеева, Н. В. Ксенофонтова ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Медицинский институт, Медицинский центр г. Якутска // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки. - 2024. - N 2 (35). - C. 84-89. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-2-84-89
DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-2-84-89
Количество страниц: 8 с.
Suicide prevention is a topical issue in modern healthcare. There are northern regions in the Russian Federation where the suicide rate exceeds Russian indicators by 2.8-3 times. The purpose of this study is a comparative analysis of the suicidal index (SI) in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and among American Indians - residents of Alaska, to identify the main factor contributing to the widespread suicidal behavior among residents of the Far North. Materials and methods of research. A comparative analysis of the materials of the organizational and methodological department of the State Budgetary Institution of the RS(Ya) “Yakut Neuropsychiatric Dispensary”, as well as data from the territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) on the mortality of the population of the Arctic zone of the RS(Y) from suicide and statistical data on suicides of the Center for Disease Prevention and Control of the USA - CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) for 2018 and 2021 . It was found that from 2018 to 2021, the SI increased among residents of the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) by 34 %. For American Indians living in Alaska, the SI increased by 23 % over the same period of time. The SI for 2018 for residents of the Arctic zone of the Republic of Yakutia is 2.6 times higher than for residents of the Russian Federation. The suicide index (SI) for 2018 among American Indians - residents of Alaska is 1.6 times higher than that of residents of the United States. The SI for 2021 for residents of the Arctic zone, the RS(Ya) is 4 times higher than for residents of the Russian Federation. The SI for 2021 the American Indian population of Alaska is 2 times higher than that of the residents of the United States. It was established that there are two regions in the world with extremely high suicide rates - Greenland and Chukotka Autonomous District in the Russian Federation. Both regions differ from other parts of the world in that they are located at the highest geographical latitudes. These are territories with the most extreme living conditions. The Arctic zone of the RS(Ya) belongs to the coldest regions of the Russian Federation. Remoteness from the central regions and extreme living and working conditions lead to a shortage of personnel in the Arctic zone of the RS(Ya) of psychiatrists. Consequently, the extremely high suicide rate in the Arctic zone of the RS(Ya) is influenced by the difficulty of accessing necessary psychiatric care and the lack of preventive mental health work.
Дуткин, М. П. Суициды в Арктической зоне Республики Саха (Якутия) и среди американских индейцев - жителей Аляски / М. П. Дуткин ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Медицинский институт // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Медицинские науки". - 2024. - N 2 (35). - C. 76-83. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-2-76-83
DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-2-76-83
Количество страниц: 6 с.
- Математика. Естественные науки > Общая биология. Антропология. Вирусология. Микробиология,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина > Инфекционные заболевания,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Общая биология. Антропология. Вирусология. Микробиология,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина > Инфекционные заболевания.
This article presents the results of studying the course of tuberculosis infection in children and adolescents who have suffered COVID-19 according to a study of ELISA with the presence of Ig G in the blood. The follow-up included 54 patients aged 2 to 16 years with local forms of tuberculosis who were treated in the inpatient conditions of the children’s department of the E.N. Andreev Scientific and Practical Center of Phthisiology from 2020 to 2022. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group – children who had suffered from COVID-19 according to the results of IgG in the blood – 17 patients; the second group – those who had not had COVID-19 with negative results in IgG blood – 37 patients. A comparative medical and social analysis revealed that children who had had COVID-19 had both social and medical risk factors, as well as a burdened epidemiological history, contact with adult patients with acute progressive and destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods of detecting the tuberculosis process in the first group, 88 % of children were detected by contact, 6 % by treatment, 6 % by immunodiagnostics; in the second group, 51 % by contact, 8 % by treatment and 41 % by immunodiagnostics of the patients. In the study of the tuberculosis process in children of the first group, the infiltration phase was recorded in 80 % patients in the reverse development phase: resorption– 10 % and in the calcification phase – 10 %. In the second group, the infiltration phase was in 50 % of children, the resorption phase was in 14 %, and the calcification phase was in 36 % of patients. It should be noted that the effect of a previously transmitted new coronavirus infection on the course and outcomes of the tuberculosis process was not revealed, no correction of chemotherapy was required, and there was no need to increase the duration of treatment.
Гуляева, Н. А. Течение туберкулеза у детей и подростков, перенесших COVID-19 в условиях Якутии / Н. А. Гуляева, К. Р. Мигалкина, С. С. Саввина ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Медицинский институт // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки. - 2024. - N 2 (35). - C. 30-35. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-2-30-35
DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-2-30-35
Количество страниц: 9 с.
The article describes a case of the development of a severe form of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a premature newborn. Globally, about 15 million children are born prematurely every year. On average, it is every tenth child. In Russia, more than 110 thousand children are born prematurely every year, which is about 5.7 % of all newborns per year. [8] This confirms the relevance of the chosen topic. The ABS test falls under the category of express studies, since its parameters change rapidly with any shifts in the patient’s condition (respiratory indicators, body temperature, physical activity, kidney function, etc.). [9] The study of blood pH revealed subcompensated metabolic acidosis, confirming the literature data. The gas composition of the blood varied from hypocapnia to hypercapnia, which indicated a severe degree of respiratory failure with a picture of hypoventilation of the lungs in premature newborns. The revealed decrease in electrolytes was associated with diuretic and steroid therapy used for the patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Due to prematurity, compensatory mechanisms were insufficient to maintain homeostatic parameters (pH, gas and electrolyte composition of blood). When conducting oxygen therapy with a ventilator, it is necessary to be guided by the dynamics of ABS tests to calibrate the parameters of the device and adjust infusion therapy.
Динамика изменения параметров кислотно-основного состояния как основной метод контроля лечения при бронхолегочной дисплазии (на примере клинического случая) / Алексеева С. Н., Макарова А. В., Капитонова А. И. [и др.] ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Медицинский институт // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Медицинские науки". - 2024. - N 1 (34). - C. 5-13. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-1-5-13
DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-1-5-13
Количество страниц: 7 с.
Nowadays, dental anomalies in children and teenagers are common pathologies that have a negative impact on the functional state of the organs and tissues of the oral cavity, as well as in general physical development. At the same time, they have a wide range of etiological factors and pathogenetic mechanisms of their development. According to the literature, the problems of occlusion disorders in congenital collagenopathies have not been sufficiently studied, which gave a reason to choose the direction of this research work. Aim. To study the parameters of anatomical deformities of the alveolar process of the upper jaw in deep bite in children and teenagers with various degrees of severity of connective tissue dysplasia. Materials and methods. A study of 306 children and teenagers with DST aged 12-18 years was conducted, of which 157 boys and 149 girls. Deep bite was diagnosed in 124 schoolchildren. The degree of DST was determined by the method of T. Milkovska-Dmitrova and A. Karkashev (1985). At the medical appointment, after determining the dental status, there was performed a biometric study on plaster models of the patient. To obtain objective data, there was used the standard Pon and Tone method. Results. Of all the examined groups of children and adolescents with DST, 37.92+1.08 % with deep bite were diagnosed, where the indicator of mild DST was at the level of 41.94+1.01 %, and moderate and severe 30.64+1.21 % and 27.42+1.26 %, respectively. The dynamics of the average statistical data of the premolar index shows an increasing trend for the severity of anatomical deformities of the alveolar process of the upper jaw in the form of narrowing. The dynamics of the molar index at various degrees of severity of DST determines that with a mild degree, narrowing was observed, whereas with an average degree, pronounced expansion of the alveolar process of the upper jaw was diagnosed, where this value decreases to a severe degree. Conclusions. The established parameters of the values of anatomical deformities of the alveolar process of the upper jaw in deep bite, depending on the severity of DST in children and adolescents, contribute to timely diagnosis and prompt implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures, which accordingly eliminates or minimizes long-term complications of local phenotypic manifestations of congenital collagenopathy.
Клиническая И. Д. характеристика глубокого прикуса у подростков при различных степенях тяжести дисплазии соединительной ткани / Ушницкий И. Д., Давыдова М. М., Никифорова Е. Ю. [и др.] ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Медицинский институт // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: Медицинские науки - 2024. - N 1 (34). - C. 42-48. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-1-42-48
DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-1-42-48
Количество страниц: 7 с.
Хафизова, А. М. Когнитивные нарушения при наследственных атаксиях (обзор литературы) / Хафизова А. М., Давыдова Т. К., Варламова М. А. ; Якутский научный центр комплексных медицинских проблем // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Медицинские науки". - 2024. - N 1 (34). - C. 49-55. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-1-49-55
DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-1-49-55
Количество страниц: 8 с.
Smoking and vaping are common bad habits, especially among young people. Studying this phenomenon among students is important for developing programs to prevent smoking initiation and help in quitting it. These programs can help improve youth health and reduce the risk of serious illnesses. Purpose: to study the prevalence of smoking traditional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes (including vaping) among 1st-year students of the Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University. The study covered 152 1st-year students of one of the educational departments of the North-Eastern Federal University aged 17 to 30 years (average age 20.62±2.97). A data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software package. A comparison of two groups according to a quantitative indicator with a normal distribution, provided that variances were equal, was performed using Student’s t-test. The share of non-smoking respondents slightly prevailed - 61.8 % (94). The proportion of smokers was 39.2 % (58), of which 35 women (60.34 %), 23 men (39.65 %), the average age of women and men was 20.6 ± 3.03 and 20.65 years, respectively. The smoking experience in men was significantly higher: the average smoking experience in men was 6.48±5.18 years, in women -3.17±2.53 (p=0.002). Thus, men started smoking on average at 14.17±3.96 years, women - at 17.43±3.62 (p=0.002). The smoking index ranged from values close to zero to 7.2 pack/years (mean value - 1.23±1.62 pack/years). The results showed that the majority of respondents noted an increased desire to smoke in a state of stress - 40 (69 %), shortness of breath - 30 (51.7 %), skin problems - 26 (44.8 %), fatigue - 25 (43.1 %), gastrointestinal disorders - 16 (27.6 %), “lump” in the throat - 15 (25.9 %), cough - 22 (37.9 %), frequent headaches 20 (34.5 %), blurred vision - 14 (24.1 %), and attacks of suffocation - 5 (8.6 %). None of the symptoms were noticed in 6 out of 58 (10 %) respondents. The majority of students who combine smoking with vaping do not plan to give up the bad habit (73.07 %), students smoking traditional cigarettes also showed a high percentage of adherence to the bad habit, with 50 % not planning to give up smoking. Thus, this study highlights the need to develop programs to prevent smoking initiation and help to quit among students, which can help improve the health of young people and reduce the risk of serious diseases.
Распространенность курения среди студентов СВФУ / Соловьева Ю. А., Трифонова Е. Н., Романова А. А. [и др.] ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Медицинский институт // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. - 2024. - N 1 (34). - C. 62-69. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-1-62-69
DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2024-1-62-69
Количество страниц: 3 с.
Regular practice of breathing exercises helps to improve the quality of breathing, increase pulmonary ventilation, improve tissue oxygenation and accelerate the removal of carbon dioxide. This contributes to a more efficient supply of oxygen to organs and tissues, which is especially important during physical training. Hypoxic training, which is carried out in conditions of reduced oxygen content, also has a positive effect on the body. As a result, the body's endurance increases, the aerobic power index and overall physical fitness improve. Thus, the use of various methods of influencing the body through the respiratory system allows you to increase the effectiveness of training loads and achieve higher sports results. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effect of breathing exercises on the level of lactic acid in the body. The objectives are to identify the effectiveness of breathing exercises aimed at restoring the body after physical activity by measuring the level of lactic acid in capillary blood. Methods of analysis of breathing exercises, medical and biological methods were used. The result of the study showed that the level of lactate is associated with the effect of breathing exercises on blood circulation and oxygen saturation of body cells.
Колодезникова, С. И. Оценка влияния дыхательной гимнастики на уровень молочной кислоты у спортсменов / Колодезникова С. И. ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Глобальный научный потенциал. - 2023. - N 9 (150). - С. 61-63.
Количество страниц: 5 с.
- Общественные науки. Образование > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Медицина,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Высшее образование. Высшая школа. Подготовка научных кадров,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Медицина.
The article aims to study the influence of the Olympiad activities on the quality of acquiring general professional competencies in students of the department "Pediatrics" of the Medical Institute of North-Eastern Federal University. The objectives are to compose tasks, analyze the results of the Olympiad, and make recommendations on how to improve the conduct of the Olympiad. To achieve the objectives, an analysis of the compiled tasks and the results of the Olympiad for three years was carried out. The authors used the method of comparative analysis. The hypothesis was confirmed that the Olympiad activity significantly increases the motivation for acquiring general professional competencies, which will be the basis for the future professional activity of a doctor. In the conditions of higher professional education, the integration relationship between the humanities and natural disciplines is of particular attention; this is the relevance of this study. The analysis of the results of the Olympiad and the results of academic performance in the disciplines "Latin with the basics of medical terminology" and "Pathophysiology" showed that every year the Olympiad is gaining popularity: the number of participants is growing, the methods of organizing and conducting are being improved, and the tasks of the Olympiad are being revised. The organizers of the Olympiad noted the improvement in the results of the Olympiad. Despite the decrease in the number of winners of the Olympiad, there is an increase in the average score from 37.8 to 43 (out of the maximum 50 points). This is due to the increase in the average score of the participants in the second round from 20 to 26 points. Every year the increase in the number of participants leads to increased competition for prizes. Taking into account the results of the study, measures were recommended to improve the quality of the Olympiad.
Алексеева, С. Н. Влияние олимпиадной деятельности на качество приобретения общепрофессиональных компетенций у студентов отделения "Педиатрия" / Алексеева С. Н., Антипина У. Д., Дмитриева О.Н. ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Глобальный научный потенциал. - 2022. - N 12 (141). - С. 59-63.
Количество страниц: 5 с.
The purpose of the study is to identify the priorities of physical activity, previous experience of classes and motives for attending physical education and health classes in men aged 40-60 who lead a sedentary lifestyle. The objectives of the study are conduct a survey in order to identify the priorities of physical activity, previous experience of classes and motives for attending physical education and health classes in men aged 40-60 who lead a sedentary lifestyle. The hypothesis of the study is as follows: identification of the priorities of physical activity, previous experience of classes and motives for attending sports and recreation classes will determine the starting positions for developing a program of sports and recreation classes with elements of martial arts for men aged 40-60 years who lead a sedentary lifestyle. The research methods are analysis of scientific and methodological literature, questioning, survey, conversations. The results are as follows: the answers received to the proposed seven questions made it possible to identify the initial positions for the development of a program of physical culture and recreation classes with elements of martial arts for men aged 40-60 years who lead a sedentary lifestyle.
Выявление приоритетов двигательной активности на занятиях оздоровительной направленности мужчин 40-60 лет, ведущих малоподвижный образ жизни / Хуан П., Черкашин И. А., Черкашина Е. В. [и др.] ; Московская государственная академия физической культуры, Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Чурапчинский государственный институт физической культуры и спорта // Глобальный научный потенциал. - 2022. - N 3 (132). - С. 131-135.